Instructions for Preparing Camera-Ready Manuscripts for IJCGA

IJCGA home page

Dear Author,

The following are three files for preparing camera-ready manuscript using LaTex.
The first one contains the instructions, the second one, which should be named IJCGAfig.eps 
is a postcript file, and the third one, which must be named, IJCGA.sty, is the style file.
Please search for the pattern IJCGAfig.eps, IJCGA.sty to separate these files.
Please send two hardcopies to me and an electronic version as well.
Thanks!

--DTLee 

P.S. The sooner you can send me the LaTex source file (with figures, if any,
     in postcript), the earlier I can get it to the printer for publication.

--
D. T. Lee, Distinguished Research Fellow   http://www.iis.sinica.edu.tw/~dtlee
Institute of Information Science 20        ADDR:  128, Academia Road, Section 2
Academia Sinica                                   Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
Phone +886 (2) 2788-3799 x 2202            Fax: +886 (2) 2652-2226
                                                +886 (2) 2782-4814
===============

% Created in October 1990 at Northwestern University.
% Modified in September 1991.
% Modified in October 1991.
% Modified in June 1994

%% use IJCGA style with default 10 pt roman font
\documentstyle[IJCGA]{article}

%%The next four lines can be commented out.
%%They are used to get the postcript figure (IJCGAfig.eps)
%%incorporated into the text.
\includeonly{}
\input psfig
\input epsf
\epsfverbosetrue
\newcommand\hvcite[1]{[\refcite{#1}]}

\begin{document}
%% print out the publisher copyright heading
\copyrightheading

%% use symbolic footnote
\symbolfootnote

%% use normal text like skip (13pt)
\textlineskip


\begin{center}

%% print out titles in IJCGA format
\cgatitle{INSTRUCTIONS FOR TYPESETTING CAMERA-READY\\
        MANUSCRIPTS USING COMPUTER SOFTWARE\footnote{For the title, 
        try not to use more than 3 lines.
	Typeset the title in 10 pt Times Roman, uppercase and boldface.}}

\vspace{24pt}

{\authorfont FIRST AUTHOR\footnote{ Typeset names in 8 pt Times Roman, 
        uppercase.  Use the footnote to indicate the present or permanent 
	address of the author.}}

\vspace{2pt}

%% use smaller line skip here
\smalllineskip
{\addressfont University Department, University Name, Address\\
        City, State ZIP/Zone, Country\footnote{ State completely 
	without abbreviations, the affiliation and 
	mailing address, including country. Typeset in 8 pt Times Italic.}}

\vspace{10pt}
and

\vspace{10pt}
{\authorfont SECOND AUTHOR}

\vspace{2pt}
\smalllineskip
{\addressfont Group, Laboratory, Address\\
	      City, State ZIP/Zone, Country}


\vspace{20pt}
%% authors need not care about this
\publisher{(received date)}{(revised date)}{Editor's name}

\end{center}

\alphfootnote

%% abstract environment
\begin{abstract}
The abstract should summarize the context, content and conclusions of the
paper in less than 200 words. It should not contain any references or displayed
equations. Typeset the abstract in 8 pt Times Roman with baselineskip of
10 pt, making an indentation of 1.5 pica on the left and right margins.
Typeset similarly for keywords below.\footnotemark
\keywords{List four to six; Should characterize article.}
\end{abstract}
\footnotetext{This is an abstract footnote}


\textlineskip
\section{General Appearance}
Contributions to the {\tenit International Journal of Computational Geometry
\& Applications}
will be reproduced by photographing the author's submitted typeset
manuscript. It is therefore essential that the manuscript be in its final form,
and of good appearance because it will be printed directly without any editing.
The manuscript should also be clean and unfolded. The copy should be evenly
printed on a high resolution printer (300 dots/inch or higher). If
typographical errors cannot be avoided, use cut and paste methods to correct
them. Smudged copy, pencil or ink text corrections will not be accepted. Do
not use cellophane or transparent tape on the surface as this interferes with
the picture taken by the publisher's camera.

\section{The Main Text}
Contributions are to be in English. Authors are encouraged to have their
contribution checked for grammar. American spelling should be used.
Abbreviations are allowed but should be spelt out in full when first used.
Integers ten and below are to be spelt out. Italicize foreign language phrases
(e.g. Latin, French).

The text is to be typeset in 10 pt Times Roman, single spaced with
baselineskip of 13 pt. Text area (excluding running title) is 5 inches
(30 picas) across and 7.8 inches (47 picas) deep. Final pagination and
insertion of running titles will be done by the publisher. Number each page
of the manuscript lightly at the bottom with a blue pencil. Reading copies
of the paper can be numbered using any legible means (typewritten or
handwritten).

\section{Major Headings}
Major headings should be typeset in boldface with the first letter of
important words capitalized.

\subsection{Sub-headings}
Sub-headings should be typeset in italic with the first letter of
important words capitalized.

\subsubsection{Sub-subheadings}
Typeset sub-subheadings in medium face and capitalize the first letter of the
first word only.

\subsection{Numbering and Spacing}
Sections, sub-sections and sub-subsections are numbered in Arabic. Use
double spacing after major and subheadings, and single spacing after
sub-subheadings.

\subsection{Lists of Items}
Lists may be laid out with each item marked by a dot:

 one can define the following list formats to be newenvironments.
\begin{itemlist}
\item item one,
\item item two.
\end{itemlist}

Items may also be numbered in lowercase Roman numerals:

\begin{romanlist}
\item item one
\item item two 
	\begin{alphlist}
	\item Lists within lists can be numbered with lowercase Roman letters,
	\item second item. 
	\end{alphlist}
\end{romanlist}

\section{Equations}
Displayed equations should be numbered consecutively in each section, with
the number set flush right and enclosed in parentheses.

\begin{equation}
 \mu(n, t) = \frac{\sum^\infty_{i=1} 1(d_i < t, N(d_i) = n)} 
    {\int^t_{\sigma=0} 1(N(\sigma) = n)d\sigma} \label{this}
\end{equation}

Equations should be referred to in abbreviated form, e.g. ``Eq.(\ref{this})'' or
``(\ref{this})''. In multiple-line equations, the number should be given on the
last line.

Displayed equations are to be centered on the page width. Standard English
letters like x are to appear as $x$ (italicized) in the text if they are used
as mathematical symbols. Punctuation marks are used at the end of 
equations as if
they appeared directly in the text.

\begin{theorem}
Theorems, lemmas, etc. are to be numbered consecutively in the paper.
\end{theorem}

\proof{Proofs should end with}

\section{Illustrations and Photographs}
Figures are to be inserted in the text nearest their first reference. Original
india ink drawings of glossy prints are preferred. Please send one set of
originals with copies. If the author requires the publisher to reduce the
figures, ensure that the figures (including letterings and numbers) are
large enough to be clearly seen after reduction. If photographs are to be
used, only black and white ones are acceptable.

\begin{figure}[htbp]
%\vspace{1.5in}
%\fcaption{Labeled tree {\it T.}}
%\end{figure}
\begin{center}
\
\psfig{figure=IJCGAfig.eps,width=1.5in,height=1.5in}
\fcaption{Labeled tree {\it T.}}
\end{center}
\end{figure}

Figures are to be sequentially numbered in Arabic numerals. The caption must
be placed below the figure. Typeset in 8 pt Times Roman with baselineskip
of 10 pt. Use double spacing between a caption and the text that follows
immediately.

Previously published material must be accompanied by written permission from
the author and publisher.

\section{Tables}
Tables should be inserted in the text as close to the point of reference as
possible. Some space should be left above and below the table.

Tables should be numbered sequentially in the text in Arabic numerals. Captions
are to be centralized above the tables. Typeset tables and captions in 8 pt
Times Roman with baselineskip of 10 pt.

\begin{table}[htbp]
\tcaption{Number of tests for WFF triple NA = 5, or NA = 8.}
\begin{center}
NP\\
\ \\
\begin{tabular}{|l||c|c|c|c|c|} \hline
&  & 3& 5 & 8 & 10\\
&  &  &   &   &   \\
\hline
& 3& 1200& 2000 & 2500 & 3000\\
NC& 5& 2000& 2200 & 2700 & 3400\\
& 8& 2500& 2700 & 16000 & 22000\\
& 10& 3000& 3400 & 22000 & 28000\\
&  &  &   &   &   \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
\end{table}

If tables need to extend over to a second page, the continuation of the table
should be preceded by a caption, e.g. ``Table 2. Cont'd.''

\section{References}
References in the text are to be numbered consecutively in 
Arabic numerals.
They should be listed in alphabetical order of the first author  
(Use the style shown in the examples listed in {\bf References} section). 
They are to be cited as superscripts without
parentheses or brackets after punctuation marks like commas and periods but
before punctuation marks like colons, semi-colons and question marks.
For example.\citeup{B,C,D}
Where superscipts might
cause ambiguity, cite references in parentheses in abbreviated form,
e.g. see Refs.~[\refcite{B,C}].
or Refs.~\hvcite{D,LB}.

\section{Footnotes}
Footnotes should be numbered sequentially in superscript lowercase Roman
letters\footnote{ Footnotes should be typeset in 8 pt Times Roman 
            at the bottom of the page.}.

\nonumsection{Acknowledgements}
This section should come before the References.
Funding information may also be included here.

\nonumsection{References}

\begin{thebibliography}{9}

\bibitem{B} M. J. Beeson, {\it Foundations of Constructive Mathematics}
(Springer, Berlin, 1985).
\bibitem{C} K. L. Clark, ``Negations as failure,'' in {\it Logic and Data
Bases}, eds. H. Gallaire and J. Winker (Plenum Press, New York, 1973) pp.
293--306.
\bibitem{D} D. Dolve, ``Unanimity in an unknown and unreliable environment,'' 
{\it Proc. 22nd Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science},
Nashville, TN, Oct. 1981, pp. 159--168.
\bibitem{G} W. L. Gewirtz, ``Investigations in the theory of descriptive
complexity,''  Ph. D. Thesis, New York University, 1974.
\bibitem{J} M. Joliat, ``A simple technique for partial elimination of unit
productions from LR({\it k}) parsers,'' 
{\it IEEE Trans. Comput.} {\bf C-27} (1976) 753--764.
\bibitem{LB} R. Lorentz and D. B. Benson, ``Deterministic and nondeterministic
flow-chart interpretations,''  {\it J. Comput. System Sci.} {\bf 27}
(1983) 400--433.
\bibitem{TBT} R. Tamassia, C. Batini and M. Talamo, ``An algorithm for automatic
layout of entity relationship diagrams,''  in {\it Entity-Relationship
Approach to Software Engineering, Proc. 3rd Int. Conf. on Entity-Relationship
Approach}, eds. C. G. Davis, S. Jajodia, P. A. Ng and R. T. Yeh
(North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1983) pp. 421--439.

\end{thebibliography}

\appendix{}
Appendices should be used only when absolutely necessary. They should come
after the References. If there is more than one appendix, number them
alphabetically. Number displayed equations occurring in the Appendix
in this way, e.g. (A.1), (A.2), etc.

\pagebreak

\begin{center}
\cgatitle{INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL GEOMETRY \& APPLICATIONS}

\vspace{0.4in}
\cgatitle{GUIDELINES FOR CONTRIBUTORS}\\
\vspace{0.2in}
\end{center}

\begin{enumlist}
\item Manuscripts are to be submitted in 5 copies to the Managing 
Editor or to any member of the Editorial Board.
\item Submission of a manuscript indicates a tacit understanding that the
paper is not actively under consideration for publication with other journals.
\item If copyrighted material is used, the author should obtain the
necessary copyright release and submit it along with the manuscript.
\item Once a paper is accepted authors are assumed to cede copyrights
of the paper to WSPC.
\item All papers will be acknowledged and refereed. They will not be
returned.
\item Authors may suggest the appropriate persons to referee their paper,
however, the Editors need not necessarily take up the suggestion. Authors
may request that their identity be kept unknown to the referee.
\item Camera-ready manuscripts are to be prepared using computer 
typesetting software in LaTeX, 
once the authors are notified acceptance of their manuscripts. 
The typesetting instruction software can be obtained from the 
Managing Editor.
\item To expedite publication electronic submission of the manuscript
to the Managing Editor at dtlee@iis.sinica.edu.tw using provided software 
is strongly recommended.
If LaTeX is not available, electronic submission of manuscript in 
ASCII is also acceptable.
\item If electronic submission is not feasible, please send
the manuscript in ASCII on a  3.5 inch
floppy disk to facilitate typesetting.
\item There will be no page charge for the journal.
\item Authors will be provided with 50 free offprints. 
Purchase orders for additional reprints can be made on order forms which 
will be sent to the authors.
\end{enumlist}

\end{document}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
IJCGAfig.eps file
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%!
%%Title: /tmp/xfig-export001964
%%Creator: fig2dev
%%CreationDate: Thu Jun 23 15:41:29 1994
%%For: dtlee@dtlee (Der-Tsai Lee)
%%Pages: 0
%%BoundingBox: 0 0 113 150
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
IJCGA.sty file
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%From cfshen Tue Jan  7 16:10:48 1992
% IJCGA.sty style file used for IJCGA
% created on March 5, 1991
% modified on September 27, 1991
% modified on October 31, 1991            % cite, refcite

\textwidth=5in
\textheight=8in  

%\pagestyle{empty}

\addtolength{\oddsidemargin}{-62pt}
\addtolength{\topmargin}{-62pt}

%%DT changed 4/3/96
%%tenbf is replaced with bf, tenit with it

%\font\tenbf=cmbx10
%\font\tenrm=cmr10
%\font\tenit=cmti10
%\newfont{\ninerm}{cmr9}
%\newfont{\ninebf}{cmbx9}
%\newfont{\nineit}{cmti9}
%\newfont{\eightbf}{cmbx8}
%\newfont{\eightrm}{cmr8}
%\newfont{\eightit}{cmti8}

\parindent=15pt


\newcommand{\symbolfootnote}{\renewcGAmmand{\thefootnote}{\fnsymbol{footnote}}}
\newcommand{\alphfootnote}{
        \setcounter{footnote}{0}
        \renewcommand{\thefootnote}{\alph{footnote}}}


%%%%    new  section commands 

\renewcommand{\thesubsection}{\arabic{section}.\arabic{subsection}}
\renewcommand{\thesubsubsection}{\arabic{section}.\arabic{subsection}.\arabic{subsubsection}}

\renewcommand{\section}[1] {\par\vspace{12pt}
	\refstepcounter{section}
	\noindent 
 	%{\tenbf\thesection. #1} 
 	{\bf\thesection. #1} 
	\par
	\vspace{6pt}
	} 
\renewcommand{\subsection}[1] {\par  \vspace{12pt}
	\refstepcounter{subsection}
	\noindent 
 	%%{\tenit\thesubsection. #1} 
 	{\it\thesubsection. #1} 
	\par
	\vspace{6pt}
	}
\renewcommand{\subsubsection}[1] { \par\vspace{12pt}
	\refstepcounter{subsubsection}
 	\noindent 
 	{\tenrm\thesubsubsection. #1} 
	\par
	\vspace{6pt}
    	}
\newcommand{\nonumsection}[1] { \par\vspace{12pt}
 	\noindent
 	%%{\tenbf #1} \par \vspace{6pt}
 	{\bf #1} \par \vspace{6pt}
 	}
%% --------------------------------------------------------------------

%% new macro to handle appendices
%% added in July 1991, modified in September 1991

\newcounter{appendixc}
\newcounter{subappendixc}[appendixc]
\newcounter{subsubappendixc}[subappendixc]
\renewcommand{\thesubappendixc}{\Alph{appendixc}.\arabic{subappendixc}}
\renewcommand{\thesubsubappendixc}{\Alph{appendixc}.\arabic{subappendixc}.\arabic{subsubappendixc}}
\renewcommand{\appendix}[1] { \par\vspace{12pt}
	\refstepcounter{appendixc}
	\setcounter{figure}{0}
	\setcounter{table}{0}
	\setcounter{lemma}{0}
	\setcounter{theorem}{0}
	\setcounter{corollary}{0}
	\setcounter{definition}{0}
	\setcounter{equation}{0}
	\renewcommand{\thefigure}{\Alph{appendixc}.\arabic{figure}}
	\renewcommand{\thetable}{\Alph{appendixc}.\arabic{table}}
	\renewcommand{\theappendixc}{\Alph{appendixc}}
	\renewcommand{\thelemma}{\Alph{appendixc}.\arabic{lemma}}
	\renewcommand{\thetheorem}{\Alph{appendixc}.\arabic{theorem}}
	\renewcommand{\thedefinition}{\Alph{appendixc}.\arabic{definition}}
	\renewcommand{\thecorollary}{\Alph{appendixc}.\arabic{corollary}}
	\renewcommand{\theequation}{\Alph{appendixc}.\arabic{equation}}
 	\noindent
 	{\bf Appendix \theappendixc: \ #1} \par \vspace{6pt}
	}
 %%% or {\bf Appendix \theappendixc. #1} \par \vspace{6pt}}

\newcommand{\subappendix}[1] {\par  \vspace{12pt}
	\refstepcounter{subappendixc}
	\noindent 
 	%%{\tenit\thesubappendixc. #1} 
 	{\it\thesubappendixc. #1} 
	\par
	\vspace{6pt}
	}
\newcommand{\subsubappendix}[1] {\par \vspace{12pt}
	\refstepcounter{subsubappendixc}
 	\noindent 
 	{\tenrm\thesubsubappendixc. #1} 
	\par
	\vspace{6pt}
	}
%% --------------------------------------------------------------------

\newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}
%% or \newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section] which has section number
\newtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}
%% or use \newtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}[section]
\newtheorem{definition}{Definition}
\newtheorem{corollary}{Corollary}
%% users can add on their own new theorem-like environments.


\newcommand{\proof}[1]{ {\bf Proof.} #1 \hfill$\Box$\par}



%\newcommand{\cgatitle}[1]{{\tenbf #1}}
\newcommand{\cgatitle}[1]{{\bf #1}}
%\newcommand{\authorfont}{\eightrm}
\newcommand{\authorfont}{\footnotesize \rm}
%\newcommand{\addressfont}{\eightit}
\newcommand{\addressfont}{\footnotesize \it}

\newcommand{\textlineskip}{\baselineskip=13pt}
\newcommand{\smalllineskip}{\baselineskip=10pt}
%\newcommand{\footnoteblock}[1]{\footnote{\noindent \smalllineskip \eightrm #1}}

\newcommand{\copyrightheading}{
   \smalllineskip
   \noindent
%   {\eightrm International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science}\\
%   {\eightrm $\copyright$\, World Scientific Publishing Company}\\
   {\footnotesize\rm  International 
      Journal of Foundations of Computer Science}\\
   {\footnotesize\rm $\copyright$\, World Scientific Publishing Company}\\
    \vspace{3.7pc} }


%  macro (added on May 6, 1991) for publisher information section
\newcommand{\publisher}[3]{
%  {\eightrm
  {\footnotesize \rm
  \smalllineskip
  Received #1\\
  Revised #2\\
  Communicated by #3\\
  \par
  \vspace{14pt}
  } 
}

%%% old marco for abstract block
%\newcommand{\abstractblock}[2]{
   %\centerline{\eightrm ABSTRACT}
   %\par
   %\vspace{6pt}
   %\noindent \hspace{1.5pc} \parbox{4.5in}
	%{\eightrm \baselineskip=10pt \hspace{1pc} #1 
	%\par 
        %\vspace{6pt}
        %\noindent {\eightit Keywords:} #2 }} 

%% new environment for the abstract

\renewenvironment{abstract}[0]
	{\footnotesize\rm
	\begin{center}
	 ABSTRACT 
    %   \par \vspace{6pt}
        \\ \vspace{6pt}
        \begin{minipage}{4.5in}\smalllineskip
        \hspace{1pc}}{\end{minipage} \end{center}\vspace{-1pt}}


\newcommand{\keywords}[1]{
	\par
        \vspace{6pt}
%        \noindent {\eightit Keywords:} #1 } 
        \noindent {\footnotesize \it Keywords:} #1 } 

	  



%%%  macro for bibliography
% notice : the following two lines are for old-version users
% It is now valid to use \it and \bf in bibliography enviornment
\newcommand{\bibit}{\nineit}
\newcommand{\bibbf}{\ninebf}

\renewenvironment{thebibliography}[1]
 { %\ninerm 
   \small\rm
   \begin{list}{\arabic{enumi}.}
    {\usecounter{enumi} \setlength{\parsep}{0pt}
     \setlength{\topsep}{0pt}
     \setlength{\itemsep}{3pt} \settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1.}
     \sloppy
    }}{\end{list}}


%%  list environments

\newcounter{itemlistc}
\newcounter{romanlistc}
\newcounter{alphlistc}
\newcounter{enumlistc}
\renewcommand{\theromanlistc}{(\roman{romanlistc})} %for ref use
\renewcommand{\thealphlistc}{(\alph{alphlistc})}    %for ref use 
\newenvironment{itemlist}
    {   \setcounter{itemlistc}{0}
	\begin{list}{$\bullet$}
	{\usecounter{itemlistc}
	 \setlength{\parsep}{0pt}
	 \setlength{\topsep}{3pt}
	 \setlength{\itemsep}{0pt}}
    }{ \end{list} }
\newenvironment{enumlist}
    {   \setcounter{enumlistc}{0}
	\begin{list}{\arabic{enumlistc}.}
	{\usecounter{enumlistc}
	 \setlength{\parsep}{0pt}
	 \setlength{\topsep}{3pt}
	 \setlength{\itemsep}{0pt}}
    }{ \end{list} }
\newenvironment{romanlist}
    {   \setcounter{romanlistc}{0}
	\begin{list}{(\roman{romanlistc})}
	{\usecounter{romanlistc}
	 \setlength{\parsep}{0pt}
	 \setlength{\topsep}{3pt}
	 \setlength{\itemsep}{0pt}}
    }{ \end{list} }
\newenvironment{alphlist}
    {   \setcounter{alphlistc}{0}
	\begin{list}{(\alph{alphlistc})}
	{\usecounter{alphlistc}
	 \setlength{\parsep}{0pt}
	 \setlength{\topsep}{3pt}
	 \setlength{\itemsep}{0pt}}
    }{ \end{list} }

\topsep=0in
\parsep=0in
\itemsep=0in


%% New figure caption 


\newcommand{\fcaption}[1]{
	\refstepcounter{figure}
        %\setbox\@tempboxa = \hbox{\eightrm Fig.~\thefigure. #1}
        \setbox\@tempboxa = \hbox{\footnotesize\rm Fig.~\thefigure. #1}
        \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa > 4in
      	   {\begin{center}
            %\parbox{4in}{\eightrm \smalllineskip Fig.~\thefigure. #1 }
            \parbox{4in}{\footnotesize\rm \smalllineskip Fig.~\thefigure. #1 }
	    \end{center}}
        \else
	     {\begin{center}
        	%{\eightrm Fig.~\thefigure. #1}
        	{\footnotesize\rm Fig.~\thefigure. #1}
              \end{center}}
        \fi
	\vspace{-3pt}}

%% New table caption

\newcommand{\tcaption}[1]{
	\vspace{-2pt}
	\refstepcounter{table}
        %\setbox\@tempboxa = \hbox{\eightrm Table~\thetable. #1}
        \setbox\@tempboxa = \hbox{\footnotesize\rm Table~\thetable. #1}
        \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa > 4in
      	   {\begin{center}
            %\parbox{4in}{\eightrm \smalllineskip Table~\thetable. #1 }
            \parbox{4in}{\footnotesize\rm \smalllineskip Table~\thetable. #1 }
	    \end{center}}
        \else
	     {\begin{center}
        	%{\eightrm Table~\thetable. #1}
        	{\footnotesize\rm Table~\thetable. #1}
              \end{center}}
        \fi}

% this is for old-version user
\newcommand{\capit}{\eightit}


%
%    ACKNOWLEDGEMENT: We Made it!  :)
%
%

% This is for superscript cites.  Called by "\cite{x}" or "\citeup{x}".

\def\@citex[#1]#2{\if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{#2}}\fi
  \def\@citea{}\@cite{\@for\@citeb:=#2\do
    {\@citea\def\@citea{,}\@ifundefined
       {b@\@citeb}{{\bf ?}\@warning
       {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
     {\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}}}{#1}}

\def\@cite#1#2{{$\null^{#1}$\if@tempswa\typeout
	{IJCGA warning: optional citation argument ignored: `#2'} \fi}}

\def\cite{\@ifnextchar [{\@tempswatrue \@citex}{\@tempswafalse\@citex[]}}
\def\citeup{\cite}


% This is for normal sized cites like (Ref. 5).  Called by "\cite{x}".


\def\@refcitex[#1]#2{\if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{#2}}\fi
  \def\@citea{}\@refcite{\@for\@citeb:=#2\do
    {\@citea\def\@citea{,}\@ifundefined
       {b@\@citeb}{{\bf ?}\@warning
       {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
 \hbox{\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}}}{#1}}

%\def\@refcite#1#2{\null(Ref.~\null{#1\if@tempswa\typeout
%	{IJCGA warning: optional citation argument ignored: `#2'} \fi})}
\def\@refcite#1#2{{#1\if@tempswa\typeout
	{IJCGA warning: optional citation argument ignored: `#2'} \fi}}

\def\refcite{\@ifnextchar [{\@tempswatrue\@refcitex}{\@tempswafalse\@refcitex[]}}